A federal judge in California has ruled that the federal government can share limited data about Medicaid recipients with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), according to a decision issued Monday. The ruling follows a lawsuit challenging the policy, initiated by several states and advocacy groups.

The case centered on a finalized rule allowing the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to share information such as names, dates of birth, and addresses with ICE. Proponents of the rule argue it helps ICE identify individuals who may be in the country illegally and are subject to deportation. Opponents contend the policy violates privacy rights and could discourage eligible individuals from enrolling in Medicaid due to fear of immigration enforcement.

The judge’s decision acknowledged the government’s broad authority to share information, while also noting the potential impact on vulnerable populations. The specific data shared will be considered “basic information” and does not include medical records or other sensitive health data. The lawsuit argued that the rule lacked sufficient safeguards to protect Medicaid recipients' privacy and due process rights.

The ruling is expected to be appealed by the plaintiffs, and its long-term implications for Medicaid enrollment and immigration enforcement remain to be seen. The case highlights the ongoing debate over data privacy and the government’s power to access and share information in the context of immigration policy. HHS has defended the rule as a necessary tool for national security and immigration enforcement.